How to Safely Use Extension Cords in Your Home

Extension cords are essential for many households, providing power to areas lacking accessible outlets. However, improper use of extension cords can lead to electrical hazards, including fires, shocks, and equipment damage. At Benchmark Electrical, we’re committed to helping you safely power your home. Here’s an in-depth guide to using extension cords the right way.

Choose the Right Extension Cord for the Job

Not all extension cords are the same. Using the correct type of cord is critical to ensuring safety and performance.

Indoor vs. Outdoor Cords:

• Indoor cords are lightweight and designed for use in dry environments. Never use them outdoors, as they lack the weather-resistant coating of outdoor cords.
• Outdoor cords are thicker and more durable, designed to withstand moisture, UV exposure, and fluctuating temperatures.

Gauge and Amperage Rating:

• Look for the gauge (AWG rating) on the cord. A lower number indicates a thicker wire and higher capacity. For high-powered devices, choose cords with a lower AWG (e.g., 12 AWG).
• Match the cord’s amperage rating to the devices you plan to use. Overloading a cord can lead to overheating and fires.

Length Considerations:

• Longer cords create more resistance, which can reduce voltage and efficiency. Use the shortest cord that meets your needs to minimize energy loss.

Inspect Cords Regularly for Damage

Before using an extension cord, check it thoroughly for signs of wear and tear:

• Cracks or Frayed Wires: Exposed wiring increases the risk of electric shock or short circuits.
• Loose or Bent Plugs: A damaged plug may not fit securely into an outlet, causing sparking or overheating.
• Burn Marks or Melting: These indicate overheating, a serious safety hazard.

Action Tip: If a cord shows any signs of damage, do not use it. Dispose of damaged cords safely or replace them immediately.

Avoid Overloading Extension Cords

Every extension cord has a maximum load capacity, which shouldn’t be exceeded. Overloading a cord can lead to overheating, melting, or electrical fires.

• How to Calculate Load Capacity:
• Add up the wattage of all devices plugged into the cord and compare it to its maximum wattage rating. For example, if a cord is rated for 1,500 watts, ensure the combined wattage of connected devices does not exceed this limit.
• Avoid Connecting High-Powered Appliances:
• High-wattage devices like space heaters, air conditioners, and microwave ovens should always be plugged directly into a wall outlet rather than an extension cord.

Never Daisy-Chain Extension Cords

Daisy-chaining occurs when multiple extension cords are connected together to increase reach. This practice creates excessive resistance, leading to overheating and a higher risk of electrical fires.

Solution: Use a single cord of the appropriate length or install additional outlets with the help of a licensed electrician.

Position Cords Safely

Improper placement of extension cords can create tripping hazards or lead to cord damage.

• Do Not Run Cords Under Carpets or Rugs:
• Covering cords can cause them to overheat, and it hides potential damage, making them even more dangerous.
• Avoid Pinching or Crushing Cords:
• Do not run cords that can be pinched or compressed through doorways or under furniture.
• Use Cord Covers in High-Traffic Areas:
• Cord covers help secure cords and prevent tripping hazards in busy areas of your home.

Unplug Extension Cords When Not in Use

Keeping cords plugged in can lead to energy waste and overheating. Additionally, unused cords can become forgotten hazards, especially hidden behind furniture or under rugs.

Pro Tip: Use smart plugs or timers to automate the device power supply for added convenience and safety.

Use Surge Protectors for Sensitive Devices

Extension cords are not designed to protect devices from power surges or voltage spikes. If you’re powering sensitive electronics such as computers, televisions, or gaming consoles, use a surge protector instead.

Benefits of Surge Protectors:

• Safeguards devices from sudden power surges.
• Provides multiple outlets for efficient use.
• Includes built-in circuit breakers for added protection.

Avoid Altering or Repairing Cords

Never modify an extension cord by removing the grounding pin, altering plugs, or attempting to repair damaged wires yourself. Alterations can compromise the cord’s safety features, increasing the risk of shock or fire.

Best Practice: If a cord is damaged, replace it with a new one that meets your requirements.

Store Cords Properly

Proper storage helps extend the life of your extension cords and prevents accidental damage.

• Coil Cords Neatly: Avoid tight knots or sharp bends that can weaken the cord over time.
• Keep Cords Dry: Store cords in a cool, dry location to prevent moisture damage.
• Use Cord Reels: A cord reel or organizer keeps cords tangle-free and ready for use.

Know When to Upgrade to Permanent Wiring

Extension cords are meant to provide temporary power solutions. If you frequently rely on them in the same locations, installing permanent outlets or upgrading your electrical system is a better option.

Benefits of Permanent Solutions:

• Eliminates the need for temporary cords.
• Reduces the risk of overloading circuits.
• Enhances convenience and safety.

At Benchmark Electrical, our licensed electricians can install additional outlets, upgrade your wiring, or recommend other solutions to meet your long-term needs.

Final Thoughts

Extension cords are convenient and practical but must be used responsibly to prevent accidents and damage. By following these safety guidelines, you can protect your home, family, and devices.